MBTI personality type theory

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a personality type theory developed based on Carl Jung's psychological type theory. It was developed by Catherine Briggs and her daughter Isabelle Myers in the mid-twentieth century.

According to the MBTI theory, human behavior seems to be random, but actually follows a certain pattern. These patterns stem from differences in how people perceive information and make decisions. MBTI divides personality into 16 different types, each with its own unique characteristics, strengths, and challenges.

The MBTI assessment determines a person's personality type in four dimensions:

This dimension describes how a person receives energy:

• Extroverted type (E)：Gets energy from the external world, enjoys social interaction, tends to speak out when thinking, and recharges through activities and communication.
• Introverted type (I)：Gets energy from the internal world, needs alone time to recharge, tends to introspect when thinking, and recharges through quiet and reflection.

This dimension describes what type of information a person tends to receive:

• Sensing type (S)：Focuses on concrete, practical, and present things, pays attention to details and facts, believes in 'what you see is what you get'.
• Intuitive type (N)：Focuses on patterns, possibilities, and the future, enjoys abstract thinking and exploring theories, seeks meaning behind things.

This dimension describes how a person makes decisions:

• Thinking type (T)：Makes decisions based on logic and objective analysis, emphasizes fairness and truth, focuses on efficiency and principles.
• Feeling type (F)：Makes decisions based on values and interpersonal relationships, emphasizes harmony and empathy, focuses on others' feelings.

This dimension describes how a person organizes the external world:

• Judging type (J)：Likes planning and organization, tends to make decisions and seek closure, focuses on structure and deadlines.
• Perceiving type (P)：Likes flexibility and adaptation, tends to keep options open, focuses on spontaneity and process.

Deep down in MBTI theory, there are eight cognitive functions that are fundamental patterns of our mental processing. Each MBTI type has four main cognitive functions, sorted by priority.

The eight cognitive functions include:

• Introverted Thinking (Ti)：Analyzes, categorizes, and understands the internal logic of concepts.
• Extraverted Thinking (Te)：Organizes the external world and creates efficient systems.
• Introverted Feeling (Fi)：Evaluates situations based on internal values.
• Extraverted Feeling (Fe)：Perceives and adapts to group emotional atmosphere.
• Introverted Sensing (Si)：Compares new experiences with detailed memories of the past.
• Extraverted Sensing (Se)：Pays keen attention to details in the present environment.
• Introverted Intuition (Ni)：Integrates information to see future possibilities.
• Extraverted Intuition (Ne)：Sees multiple possibilities and connections.